![]() Sugar cultivation began in the Azores islands, and as the demand for sugar grew, so did the demand for slaves to work the fields of sugar cane. By 1455 Portugal was importing close to 800 enslaved Africans a year. By mid-century, the first public sale of these prisoners was held. The Atlantic slave trade began in the 15th century when the Portuguese took hold of land near Gibraltar and soon encountered Africans, whom they quickly took as prisoners. ![]() Main article: Atlantic slave trade Region of embarkment, 1701–1800īight of Benin ( Yoruba, Ewe, Fon, Allada and Mahi) Shipbuilding flourished and manufacturing expanded: the "process of industrialization in England from the second quarter of the eighteenth century as to an important extent a response to colonial demands for rails, axes, buckets, coaches, clocks, saddles.and a thousand other things". They were also Brown/Mulatto or mixed race people at the time who had more privileges than the Black slaves and usually held higher-paying jobs and occupations. Although the initial slave traders were the Portuguese and the Dutch, between 17 (the year in which the British Empire abolished the slave trade), Britain "dominated the buying and selling of slaves to the Americas". On reaching the plantation, the slaves underwent a "seasoning" process in which they were placed with an experienced slave who taught them the ways of the estate. The majority of the house slaves were mulattoes. įield slaves fetched £25–75 while skilled slaves such as carpenters fetched prices as high as £300. Ann's Bay ports, while the Gold Coast (mainly Akan) were more dispersed across the island and were a majority imported to seven of 14 of the island's ports (each parish has one port). According to the Slave Voyages Archives, though the Igbo had the highest importation numbers, they were only imported to Montego Bay and St. The Akan population was still maintained because they were the preference of British planters in Jamaica because they were "better workers", according to these Planters. But due to frequent rebellions from the then known "Coromantee" that often joined the slave rebellion group known as the Jamaican Maroons, other groups were sent to Jamaica. The number of Akan slaves arriving in Jamaica from Kormantin ports only increased in the early eighteenth century. However, between 16, only six per cent of slave ships to Jamaica listed their origin as the Gold Coast, while between 17 that figure went up to 27 per cent. Originally in earlier British colonization, the island before the 1750s was in fact mainly Akan imported. Akan (then called Coromantee) culture was the dominant African culture in Jamaica. Those who survived were fattened up and oiled to look healthy prior to being auctioned in public squares to the highest bidders.īased on slave ship records, enslaved Africans mostly came from the Akan people (Akwamu, Ashanti, Akyem Fante and Bono) followed by Igbo people, Ibibio people, Kongo people, the Yoruba and the Fon people. They were placed in trading posts or forts to await the six- to twelve-week Middle Passage voyage between Africa and the Americas during which they were chained together, underfed, and kept in the ship's hold by the thousands. The most common means of enslaving an African was through abduction. West Africans were captured and enslaved in wars with other West African states, as retribution for crimes committed within a state or by abduction by either African or European slavers, and marched to the coast in "coffles" with their necks yoked to each other. During the period of British rule, slaves brought into Jamaica were primarily Akan, some of whom ran away and joined with Maroons and even took over as leaders. When the English invaded Jamaica in 1655, many of them fought with their Spanish masters, who gave them their freedom, and then fled to the mountains, resisting the English colonial administration for decades, becoming known as Maroons. The first Africans to arrive in Jamaica came in 1513 from the Iberian Peninsula. The ethnogenesis of the Black Jamaican people stemmed from the Atlantic slave trade of the 16th century, when enslaved Africans were transported as slaves to Jamaica and other parts of the Americas. Most Jamaicans of mixed-race descent self-report as just Jamaican. They represent the largest ethnic group in the country. Rastafari, Convince, Jamaican Maroon religion, KuminaĪfrican Caribbean, Black British, Black Canadians, West/Central AfricansĪfro-Jamaicans are Jamaicans of predominant Sub-Saharan African descent. Mainly Christianity, with minorities of Irreligion, Rastafarism, Judaism, or Islam Racial or ethnic group in Jamaica Afro-Jamaicans Total populationĩ1.4% (76.3% black and 15.1% Afro-European)
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